>[!warning]
>This content has not been peer reviewed.
# Laws change when you change scale
## What it is (established result)
The **Wilsonian renormalization group (RG)** formalises how the effective
description of a system changes under **coarse-graining** (changing the scale
of observation). As one integrates out short-distance degrees of freedom, the
parameters (“couplings”) of the theory flow:
- Systems near critical points exhibit **scale invariance** and universality:
many microscopic models flow to the same **fixed point**, sharing critical
exponents \([1–3]\).
- RG explains why different scales can have different “effective laws” even
when the underlying microphysics is unchanged: what matters is which degrees
of freedom are relevant at the scale being probed.
Wilson’s RG provides the modern foundation for critical phenomena and for the
field-theoretic understanding of scale dependence \([1–3]\).
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## How RRT / RST uses it
RST uses RG as a **scale sensor** pattern:
- Treat the exponent \(n\) (sharpness / topology parameter in the Resource
Triangle) as an **effective parameter** that can depend on local relational
density / scale.
- In a simulator, compute a local density proxy (e.g. signal-to-noise per unit
distance) and map it smoothly to an effective \(n_\mathrm{eff}\) that
interpolates between regimes (gravity-like vs stiff).
The `Reality Engine` demo implements this idea as a `WilsonRGSensor` mapping a
local density proxy to \(n_\mathrm{eff} \in [1.25, 2]\).
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## Links
| Role | Link |
|:---|:---|
| Simulator application | [[further applications/Reality Engine/Reality Engine (RST)]] |
| Simulator code | [[further applications/Reality Engine/Reality Engine - Code]] |
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## References
[1] K. G. Wilson, "Renormalization Group and Critical Phenomena. I. Renormalization Group and the Kadanoff Scaling Picture," *Physical Review B* **4**, 3174 (1971), `https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.4.3174`.
[2] K. G. Wilson, "Renormalization Group and Critical Phenomena. II. Phase-Space Cell Analysis of Critical Behavior," *Physical Review B* **4**, 3184 (1971), `https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.4.3184`.
[3] K. G. Wilson and J. Kogut, "The renormalization group and the ε expansion," *Physics Reports* **12**, 75–199 (1974), `https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-1573(74)90023-4`.